periodic (8)

Name

periodic - run periodic system functions

Description

The periodic utility is intended to be called by cron(8) to execute shell
scripts located in the specified directory.

One or more of the following arguments must be specified:

daily: Perform the standard daily periodic executable run. This usually occurs early in the morning (local time).
weekly: Perform the standard weekly periodic executable run. This usually occurs on Sunday mornings.
monthly: Perform the standard monthly periodic executable run. This usually occurs on the first day of the month.
security: Perform the standard daily security checks.

This is usually

spawned by the daily run.

path: An arbitrary directory containing a set of executables to be run.

If an argument is an absolute directory name it is used as is, otherwise
it is searched for under /etc/periodic and any other directories specified
by the local_periodic setting in periodic.conf(5) (see below).

The periodic utility will run each executable file in the directory or
directories specified. If a file does not have the executable bit set,
it is silently ignored.

Each script is required to exit with one of the following values:

0: The script has produced nothing notable in its output.

The

<basedir>_show_success variable controls the masking of this output.

1: The script has produced some notable information in its output. The <basedir>_show_info variable controls the masking of this output.
2: The script has produced some warnings due to invalid configuration settings. The <basedir>_show_badconfig variable controls the masking of this output.
>2: The script has produced output that must not be masked.

If the relevant variable (where <basedir> is the base directory in which
the script resides) is set to ‘‘NO’’ in periodic.conf, periodic will mask
the script output. If the variable is not set to either ‘‘YES’’ or
‘‘NO’’, it will be given a default value as described in periodic.conf(5) .

All remaining script output is delivered based on the value of the
<basedir>_output setting.

If this is set to a path name (beginning with a ‘/’ character), output is
simply logged to that file. newsyslog(8) knows about the files
/var/log/daily.log, /var/log/weekly.log and /var/log/monthly.log, and if
they exist, it will rotate them at the appropriate times.

These are

therefore good values if you wish to log periodic output.

If the <basedir>_output value does not begin with a ‘/’ and is not empty,
it is assumed to contain a list of email addresses, and the output is
mailed to them.

If <basedir>_output is not set or is empty, output is sent to standard
output.

Environment

The periodic utility sets the PATH environment to include all standard
system directories, but no additional directories, such as /usr/local/bin. If executables are added which depend upon other path
components, each executable must be responsible for configuring its own
appropriate environment.

Files

/etc/crontab: the periodic utility is typically called via entries in the system default cron(8) table
/etc/periodic: the top level directory containing daily, weekly, and monthly subdirectories which contain standard system periodic executables
/etc/defaults/periodic.conf: the periodic.conf system registry contains variables that control the behaviour of periodic and the standard daily, weekly, and monthly scripts
/etc/periodic.conf: this file contains local overrides for the default periodic configuration

Exit Status

Exit status is 0 on success and 1 if the command fails.

Examples

The system crontab should have entries for periodic similar to the following
example:

# do daily/weekly/monthly maintenance 0 2 * * * root periodic daily
0 3 * * 6 root periodic weekly
0 5 1 * * root periodic monthly

The /etc/defaults/periodic.conf system registry will typically have a
local_periodic variable reading:

local_periodic="/usr/local/etc/periodic /usr/X11R6/etc/periodic"

To log periodic output instead of receiving it as email, add the following
lines to /etc/periodic.conf:

daily_output=/var/log/daily.log
weekly_output=/var/log/weekly.log
monthly_output=/var/log/monthly.log

To only see important information from daily periodic jobs, add the following
lines to /etc/periodic.conf:

daily_show_success=NO
daily_show_info=NO
daily_show_badconfig=NO

Diagnostics

The command may fail for one of the following reasons:

usage: periodic <directory of files to execute> No directory path argument
was passed to periodic to specify where the script fragments reside.

<directory> not found Self explanatory.

History

The periodic utility first appeared in FreeBSD 3.0.

Authors

Paul Traina <pst@FreeBSD.org>
Brian Somers <brian@Awfulhak.org>

Bugs

Since one specifies information about a directory using shell variables
containing the string, <basedir>, <basedir> must only contain characters
that are valid within a sh(1) variable name, alphanumerics and underscores,
and the first character may not be numeric.